Foreign relations of Italy

The Kingdom of Italy supported Albanian Declaration of Independence in 1912.
Arbëreshë people
Italian protectorate over Albania
Italian invasion of Albania
Albanian Kingdom (1939–1943)
Italian colonists in Albania

• Albania has an embassy in Rome and a Consulate General in Bari and Milan.
• Italy has an embassy in Tirana and Consulates in Gjirokastër, Shkodra, Vlora.

Italy is represented in Andorra through its embassy in Madrid (Spain) and an honorary consulate in Andorra La Vella.

Austria has an embassy in Rome, a general consulate in Milan and 10 honorary consulates (in Bari, Bologna, Florence, Genoa, Naples, Palermo, Trieste, Turin, Venice and Verona). Italy has an embassy in Vienna, a consulate in Innsbruck, and 5 honorary consulates (in Graz, Klagenfurt, Linz, Rankweil and Salzburg).

• Belarus has an embassy in Rome and 2 honorary consulates (in Naples and Turin).^[3]
• Italy has an embassy in Minsk.^[4]

• Belgium has an embassy in Rome and a general consulate in Milan.^[5]
• Italy has an embassy in Brussels, 2 general consulates (in Charleroi and Liège) and 2 consulates (in Genk and Mons).^{[6][7][8][9][10]}
• Both countries are full members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, of the European Union and of NATO.
• There are around 172,000 people of Italian descent living in Belgium.

• Italy has an embassy in Sarajevo and an honorary consulate in Banja Luka.

• Bulgaria has an embassy in Rome, a general consulate in Milan and 6 honorary consulates (in Ancona, Florence, Genoa, Naples, Turin and Treviso).^[11]
• Italy has an embassy in Sofia and an honorary consulate in Plovdiv and Stara Zagora.^[12][13]

• Croatia has an embassy in Rome, 2 general consulates (in Milan and Trieste), and 5 honorary consulates (in Bari, Florence, Montemitro, Naples, and Padua).[19]
• Italy has an embassy in Zagreb, a general consulate inRijeka, a consulate in Split and 2 honorary consulates (in Buje and Pula).[20]
• Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and of the Union for the Mediterranean.
• There are around 19,500 people of Italian descent living in Croatia.
• There are 21,360 Croats living in Italy.

• Cyprus has an embassy in Rome and 5 honorary consulates (in Genova, Milano, Napoli, Perugia and Augusta).
• Italy has an embassy in Nicosia and 2 honorary consulates (in Limassol and Larnaca).^[14]
• Both countries are full members of the European Union, the Council of Europe and of the Union for the Mediterranean.
• There are long cultural and historical ties between the two countries, as Cyprus has been part of the Roman Empire and has been a Venetian Kingdom, while there are Greek-speaking minorities in Italy.
• Cyprus recognises Latins, the descendants of the Roman Catholic Venetian families that were settled in the island, as a protected minority, and grants the representation in the Parliament.
• Cyprus Foreign Affairs: List of bilateral treaties with Italy

• The Czech Republic has an embassy in Rome, a general consulate in Milan, and 5 honorary consulate (in Florence, Naples, Palermo, Udine, and Venice).^[15][16]
• Italy has an embassy in Prague.^[17]
• Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.

• Denmark has an embassy in Rome and 16 consulates (in Ancona, Bari, Cagliari, Florence, Genua, La Spezia, Livorno, Messina, Milan, Naples, Palermo, San Remo, Taormina, Torino, Trieste and Venezia).
• Italy has an embassy in Copenhagen, and two honorary vice-consulates in Aalborg and Thorshavn.

• Italy recognised Estonia on 26 January 1921 . Italy re-recognised Estonia on 27 August 1991.
• Estonia has an embassy in Rome and six honorary consulates (in Cagliari, Florence, Genoa, Milan, Naples and Turin).^[18]
• Italy has an embassy in Tallinn.^[19]
• Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.
• Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relation with Italy

• Italy recognised Finland's independence on June 27, 1919.
• Italy is represented in Finland through its embassy in Helsinki and its honorary consulates in Hanko, Jyväskylä, Kotka, Kuopio, Oulu, Pori, Rovaniemi, Tampere, Turku and Vaasa.^[20]
• Finland has an embassy in Rome, two honorary consulate generals in Milan and Turin and other honorary consulates in Genoa, Bari, Cagliari, Catania, Florence, Livorno, Messina, Naples, Palermo, Rimini, Trieste and Venice.^[21]
• Finnish Ministry for Foreign Affairs: relations with Italy

• Italy has embassy in Paris and consulates in Bordeaux, Lyon, Lourdes, Marseille, Metz, Nice, Toulon, Toulouse, Saint-Denis,_Réunion, Fort-de-France (Martinique), Kourou (French Guiana), Pointe-à-Pitre (Guadeloupe), Noumea (New Caledonia).

• Relations were established after the Unification of Italy.
• Both countries enjoy friendly relations and were members of the Axis during World War II, formed an alliance during the Cold War (West Germany), and are full members of the European Union.
• Italy also has embassies in the following cities, Berlin, Frankfurt, Freiburg, Hamburg, Hanover, Munich, Nuremberg, Saarbrücken, and Stuttgart.
• Germany has embassies in Rome, Milan and Naples.

In modern times, both countries established diplomatic relations in 1861, immediately upon Italy’s unification.

• Relations are excellent, due to the shared heritage and common interests of both countries. More than two millennia of shared heritage and Greco-Italian relations have led to the Italian language statement "Una Faccia Una Razza" (One Face, One Race).
• Italy has an embassy in Athens, and 15 honorary consulates in Alexandroupoli, Kefalonia, Chania, Chios, Corfu, Corinth, Ioannina, Heraklion, Kavala, Larissa, Patras, Rhodes, Thessaloniki, Santorini, and Volos.
• Greece has an embassy in Rome, 2 general consulates in Milan and Naples, a consulate in Venice, and 11 honorary consulates in Trieste (General), Turin (General), Ancona, Catania, Livorno, Bari, Bologna, Brindisi, Florence, Palermo, Perugia, and a Port Consulate in Genova.
• Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and of the European Union and NATO.
• There are around 180,000 Greek Orthodox or people of Greek descent living in Italy, of which the majority lives in southern Italy and Sicily.
• An approximation of 200,000 Roman Catholic Italians or people of Italian descent are living in Greece with the majority of them in the Ionian Islands, western Greece and the capital Athens.

Due to the size of the Vatican City State, embassies accredited to the Holy See are based on Italian territory. Treaties signed between Italy and the Vatican City State permit such embassages. The Embassy of Italy to the Holy See is unique amongst foreign embassages in that it is the only embassy based on its home territory.

The Holy See maintains formal diplomatic relations with 176 sovereign states, the European Union, and the Order of Malta; 69 of the diplomatic missions accredited to the Holy See are situated in Rome, though those countries then have two embassies in the same city, since, by agreement between the Holy See and Italy, the same person cannot be accredited simultaneously to both. This is shown clearly by the fact that Italy recognizes the People's Republic of China, and as such, the Chinese Embassy is in Rome. However, the Vatican City State recognizes the Taiwan, and as such, Taiwan's Embassy to the Holy See is also in Rome. As Italy was the first country to recognize the Holy See as a sovereign nation, their embassy was the first one established.

• Hungary has an embassy in Rome, a general consulate in Milan, and 11 honorary consulates (in Bari, Bologna, Florence, Genoa, Naples, Palermo, Perugia, Trieste, Turin, Venice and Verona).^[22][23]
• Italy has an embassy in Budapest and 3 honorary consulates (in Nyíregyháza, Pécs and Szeged).^[24]
• Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.

• Iceland is represented in Italy through its embassy in Paris.^[25]
• Italy is represented in Iceland through its embassy in Oslo (Norway) and an honorary consulate in Reykjavík.^[26]
• Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, of NATO and of Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

• Ireland has an embassy in Rome and an honorary consulate in Milan.^[27]
• Italy has an embassy in Dublin.^[28] and an honorary consulate in Galway.
• Both countries are full members of the European Union and the Council of Europe.

Italy recognized Kosovo on 21 February 2008.^[29][30] Italy has an embassy in Pristina since 15 May 2008.^[31] Kosovo will open an embassy in Rome.

• Italy never officially recognised the annexation of the Baltic states by the USSR.
• Both countries renewed their diplomatic relations on August 30, 1991.
• Since 1992, Italy has an embassy in Riga.^[32]
• Latvia has an embassy in Rome and 7 honorary consulates (in Bari, Florence, Milan, Modena, Naples, Palermo and Trieste). Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.^[33]
• Latvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Italy

• Italy is represented in Liechtenstein through its embassy in Bern (Switzerland)

• Italy has an embassy in Vilnius.^[34]
• Lithuania has an embassy in Rome and 6 honorary consulates (in Bari, Cagliari, Genoa, Milan, Turin and Venice).^[35]
• Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.
• Lithuanian Ministry o Foreign Affairs: list of bilateral treaties with Italy (in Lithuanian only)

• Italy has an embassy in Luxembourg City.^[36]
• Luxembourg has an embassy in Rome and 9 honorary consulates (in Florence, Genoa, Milan, Naples, Palermo, Perugia, Riccione, Turin, and Venice).^[37]
• Both countries are full members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, of the European Union and of NATO.
• There are around 19,000 people of Italian descent living in Luxembourg.

• Both countries established official diplomatic relations soon after Malta's independence.
• Italy has an embassy in Valletta.
• Malta has an embassy in Rome and 18 honorary consulates (in Bari, Bologna, Brescia, Cagliari, Catania, Genoa, L'Aquila, Livorno, Milan, Naples, Palermo, Perugia, Reggio Calabria, Savona, Syracuse, Turin, Trieste, and Venice).
• Both countries are full members of the European Union and of the Union for the Mediterranean.

• Italy opened an Embassy in Chişinău. The actual Italian ambassador to Moldova with residence in Bucharest is Daniele Mancini.
• Embassy of the Republic of Moldova in Rome
• Italian Embassy in Bucharest
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Moldova
• Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs

• Montenegro has an embassy in Monaco.

• Italy recognized Montenegro’s independence on June 14, 2006.
• Montenegro has an embassy in Rome.
• Both countries are full members of the Union for the Mediterranean and of Council of Europe.
• Italian embassy in Podgorica

• The Netherlands have an embassy in Rome, a general consulate in Milan, and 14 honorary consulates (in Ancona, Bari, Bologna, Cagliari, Catania, Florence, Genoa, Livorno, Naples, Palermo, Trieste, Turin, Venice and Verona).^[38][39][40]
• Italy has an embassy in The Hague, a general consulate in Amsterdam and an honorary consulate in Willemstad (island of Curaçao).^[41][42]
• Both countries are full members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, of the European Union and of NATO.
• Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relation with Italy (in Dutch only)

• Italy has an embassy in Oslo and consulates in Aalesund, Bergen, Stavanger, Tromsoe and Trondheim

• In 1918, Italy was the first country in Europe to recognise Poland’s sovereignty.
• Italy has an embassy in Warsaw and 2 honorary consulates (in Gdynia and Kraków).^[43]
• Poland has an embassy in Rome and 2 general consulates (in Catania and Milan).^[44]
• Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, of NATO and of the European Union.
• There are around 50,000 Poles living in Italy.
• Both of the countries' largest religion is Roman Catholicism.

• Italy has an embassy in Skopje

Italy has an embassy in Lisbon and consulates in Faro, Funchal and Oporto

• Italy has an embassy in Bucharest, a general consulate in Timişoara, and 4 honorary consulates (in Cluj-Napoca, Constanţa, Craiova and Piatra Neamţ).^[45]
• Romania has an embassy in Rome, a general consulate in Milan and 3 honorary consulate (in Florence, Genoa and Treviso).^[46][47]
• Both countries are full members of the Latin Union, of NATO and of the European Union.
• There are around 750,000 to 1,000,000 people of Romanian descent living in Italy.
• See also Italians of Romanian descent

Russia has an embassy in Rome and consulates in Genoa, Milan and Palermo, and Italy has an embassy in Moscow, a consulate in Saint Petersburg, two consulte generals (in Ekaterinburg and Kaliningrad), and two embassy branches in (Samara and Volgograd). Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe.

Russia enjoys close relations with Italy. In 2006, Russia and Italy have signed a protocol of cooperation for fighting crime and defending civil liberties. There are close commercial ties between the two countries. Italy is Russia's second important commercial partner in the EU, after Germany. and its state-owned energy company, ENI, has recently signed a very important long-term contract with Gazprom, to import Russian gas into Italy.

The relationship between Russia and Italy goes back a long way. Already in the 1960s, Italy's FIAT built a car-assembling plant in the Soviet city of Tolyatti (a city named after the Italian Communist Party's secretary Palmiro Togliatti). Russians have always visited Italy in great numbers. Many Russian students come to Italy each year to study arts and music.^{[citation needed]} Unlike many other Western European countries, Italy has traditionally always maintained good relationships with Russia, even during the Soviet era.^{[citation needed]} In particular, the Silvio Berlusconi Government (2001–2006) strengthened Italy's ties with Russia, due to his personal friendship with President Vladimir Putin. Cooperation extends also to the aviation sector, between Italy's Alenia and Russia's Sukhoi, who are jointly developing a new aircraft. Finally, for a long time Italy had the largest communist party in the Western world, with over 2 million members. .^[48]

• Italy has an embassy in San Marino

• Italy has an embassy in Belgrade.^[49]
• Serbia has an embassy in Rome and 2 general consulates (in Milan and Trieste).
• There are around 55,000 people of Serbian descent living in Italy.
• Serbian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Italy

• Italy has an embassy in Bratislava

• Italy has an embassy in Ljubljiana and a consulate in Koper.

Both countries established diplomatic relations after the unification of Italy. Relations between Italy Spain have remained strong and affable for centuries owing to various political, cultural, and historical connections between the two nations.

• Italy has an embassy in Stockholm and consulates in Goteborg, Karlstag, Lulea, Malmo, Sundsvall and Umea.

• Italy has an embassy in Kiev.^[50]
• Ukraine has an embassy in Rome, a general consulate in Milan and 4 honorary consulates (in Bari, Florence, Naples, and Treviso).^[51]
• Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe. There are around 120,000 people of Ukrainian descent living in Italy.

Although enemies during World War II, the United Kingdom and Italy have generally enjoyed a warm and friendly relationship throughout history. Both states embrace membership of the European Union, NATO, OSCE and the G8^[52]

Between 4 and 5 million British tourists visit Italy every year, while 1 million Italian tourists visit the UK.^[53] There are about 19,000 British nationals living in Italy, and 150,000 Italians living in the UK.^[54]

• Canada has an embassy in Rome, and 2 consulates (in Naples and Padova).^[55]
• Italy has an embassy in Ottawa, 3 consulates-general (in Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver).^[56][57][58]
• Both countries are full members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the G8, and NATO. There are around 1,500,000 people of Italian descent living in Canada.
• Canadian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade about the relation with Italy

• Relations were established in 1846 after the unification of Italy. However relations were cut off and suspended during World War II. However in 1946 they were re-established.
• Mexico has an embassy in Rome and a consulate-general in Milan.
• Italy has an embassy in Mexico City.
• Both countries are members of the Latin Union, OECD and the G20.
• There are estimated 300,000 Mexicans of Italian descent living in Mexico today.

• Italy has an embassy in Asuncion.^[59]
• Paraguay has an embassy in Rome.^[60]
• Both countries are full members of the Latin Union.

• Italy and Peru have a long and very rich history of cultural and political connections.
• Italy has an embassy in Lima and 5 honorary consulates (in Arequipa, Cusco, Iquitos, Tacna and Trujillo).^[61]
• Peru has an embassy in Rome, 6 general consulates (in Florence, Genoa, Milan, Naples, Trieste and Turin).^[62][63][64]
• Both countries are full members of the Latin Union.
• There are between 500,000 and 900,000 people of Italian descent living in Peru.
• Peruvian Ministry of Foreign Relations about the relation with Italy (in Spanish only)

The United States enjoy a peculiar relation with Italy, as the latter, defeated in WWII, has been a secret battlefield of the Cold War. Italy and the US are NATO allies and cooperate in the United Nations, in various regional organizations, and bilaterally. Italy has worked closely with the United States and with other nations on such issues as NATO and UN operations as well as with assistance to Russia and the New Independent States; the Middle East peace process; multilateral talks; Somalia and Mozambique peacekeeping; and combating drug trafficking, trafficking in women and children, and terrorism.^[who?]

Under longstanding bilateral agreements flowing from NATO membership, Italy hosts important U.S. military forces at Vicenza and Livorno (army); Aviano (air force); and Sigonella, Gaeta, and Naples- home port for the U.S. Navy Sixth Fleet. The United States still has about 16,000 military personnel stationed in Italy. The NATO War College is situated at Cecchignola, near Rome.

Also, investigations continue about the killing of Italian Military Intelligence service officer Nicola Calipari by United States troops during the liberation of Giuliana Sgrena and about the abduction and torture of terrorism suspect Abu Omar by CIA agents.^{[citation needed]}

• Italy has an embassy in Montevideo and 4 honorary consulates (in Colonia, Maldonado, Melo and Paysandú).^[65]
• Uruguay has an embassy in Rome, a general consulate in Milan and 4 honorary consulates (in Bologna, Genoa, Livorno and Venice).
• Both countries are full members of the Latin Union.
• There are around 1,500,000 people of Italian descent living in Uruguay.

Relations between both countries were established during the period of the Roman Empire. However in World War II, relations were strained as Italy invaded Egypt. However after the war, relations were re-established and are close. Egypt has representations in Rome and Milan, while Italy has representations in Cairo and Alexandria, also the two nations are members of the Union for the Mediterranean.

Iran-Italy trade stood at $US 2.7 Billion in 2001 [1] and 3.852 Billion Euros in 2003.[2] In 2005, Italy was the third largest trading partner of Iran with 7.5% of all exports to Iran.[3] Italy was the top trading partner of Iran in the European Union in early 2006.^[66] Commercial exchanges hit 6 billion euros in 2008.^[67] Although Italy harbors a large population of members of the MKO as do many European Union states, Italy officially considers the group a terrorist organization. [4]

Iraq has an embassy in Rome and Italy has an embassy in Baghdad and a consulate-general in Basra.

• Italy has an embassy in Tel Aviv, two general consulates in West Jerusalem and East Jerusalem^[68] and 4 honorary consulates (in Beersheba, Eilat, Haifa and Nazareth).^[69]
• Israel has an embassy in Rome.^[70]
• Both countries are full members of the Union for the Mediterranean.
• See also Italian Jews

• Relations were formally established after Kenya gained its independence from British rule.
• Italy has an embassy in Nairobi and 2 counsulates in Malindi and Mombasa.
• Kenya has an embassy in Rome.

• Both countries are members of the Union for the Mediterranean.
• Lebanon opened an legation in 1946, which was transformed into an embassy in 1955.^[71]
• Both countries signed a Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Navigation in 1949.^{[citation needed]}
• Rome supported the reconstruction of Lebanon after the Taef Agreement.^{[citation needed]}
• See also Italian Lebanese

• Between 1911 and 1947, Libya was an Italian colony.
• Italy has an embassy in Tripoli and a general consulate in Benghazi (closed since 2006).^[72]
• Libya has an embassy in Rome and 2 general consulates (in Milan and Palermo).
• See also History of Libya as Italian Colony, Italy–Libya relations
• On 4 April 2011, Foreign Minister Franco Frattini stated that Italy has decided to recognize the National Transitional Council in the eastern Libyan city of Benghazi as its "only legitimate interlocutor" in Libya.

• Italy has an embassy in Pretoria, a consulate in Johannesburg, 2 consulates (in Cape Town and Durban) and 2 honorary consulates (in East London and Port Elizabeth).^[73][74]
• South Africa has an embassy in Rome, a general consulate in Milan and 7 honorary consulates (in Bari, Bologna, Florence, Genoa, Naples, Trieste and Venice).^[75]
• There are around 35,000 people of Italian descent living in South Africa.
• South African Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Italy

• Italy has an embassy in Tunis and 3 honorary consulates (in Bizerte, Sfax and Sousse).^[76]
• Tunisia has an embassy in Rome, a general consulate in Palermo, 3 consulates (in Genoa, Milan and Naples) and 2 honorary consulates (in Bari and Novara).
• Both countries are full members of the Union for the Mediterranean.
• There was an important Italian community living in Tunisia before the independence.
• Tunisian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Italy (in French only)

• Italy has an embassy in Ankara, a general consulate in Istanbul, a consulate İzmir and 3 honorary consulates in Bursa, Antalya and İskenderun.^[77]
• Turkey has an embassy in Rome and a general consulate in Milan.^[78]
• Both countries are full members of NATO and the Union for the Mediterranean.
• In 2006, Turkey and Italy celebrated the 150th anniversary of the initiation of diplomatic relations.
• Turkey is a prime destination for Italian tourists
• Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Italy

• Afghanistan has an embassy in Rome,^[79] which was established as a legation in 1921, and was upgraded to embassy in 1960.^[80] Italy has an embassy in Kabul.^[81]
• Italy was among the first nations to recognise Afghanistan's sovereignty, following the 1919 recognition by the Soviet Union.^[82]
• Following Germany's 1935 closening with Afghanistan, Italy also established close relations. Afghanistan resisted calls from Moscow and London to expel the Italian and German diplomatic corps for most of World War II.^[83]
• Italy has served as a place of exile for two former Afghan kings, Amanullah Khan (deposed 1929) and Mohammed Zahir Shah (deposed 1973).

• Armenia has an embassy in Rome.^[84]
• Italy has an embassy in Yerevan and an honorary consulate in Gyumri.^[85]
• Italy has recognized the Armenian Genocide in 2000.
• There are around 2,500 people of Armenian descent living in Italy.

• Australia has an embassy in Rome and a general consulate in Milan.^[86]
• Italy has an embassy in Canberra, 2 general consulates (in Melbourne and Sydney) and 3 consulates (in Adelaide, Brisbane and Perth).^[87][88][89]
• There are around 850,000 people of Italian descent living in Australia (see Italian Australian)
• Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade about the relation with Italy

• Azerbaijan has an embassy in Rome.^[90]
• Italy has an embassy in Baku.^[91]

• Georgia has an embassy in Rome.^[92]
• Italy has an embassy in Tbilissi.^[93]
• Georgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs about the relation with Italy

• Both countries allied with Germany during World War Two, and also allied during the Cold War with the United States.
• Italy has an embassy in Tokyo, a general consulate in Osaka and 3 honorary consulates (in Hiroshima, Nagoya and Okinawa).^[94][95]
• Japan has an embassy in Rome, a general consulate in Milan.^[96][97]
• Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Italy

• Italy has an embassy in Wellington and 3 honorary consulates (in Auckland, Christchurch and Dunedin).^[98]
• New Zealand has an embassy in Rome.^[99]
• New Zealand had a large force in Italy during WW2, and confronted the Yugoslav army in Trieste, thus liberating the city.
• New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade about relations with Italy

• Pakistan and Italy enjoy close relationship in all fields. Both countries formally have friendly foreign relations.^[100] There are over 100,000 Pakistanis living in Italy, mainly living in Milan and Brescia.^[101]
• Pakistan has an embassy in Rome and a Consulate-General in Milan for representation
• Italy maintains an embassy in Islamabad, a Consulate-General in Karachi and an honorary consulate in Lahore.

In 2005, Italy and the People's Republic of China have celebrated the 35th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two nations. However, China's massive exports of textile and footwear into Italy are said to be a rising concern to Italy's economy and productivity.^[102]

• During the Korean War, Italy sent medical staff to help South Korea.^{[citation needed]}
• Italy has an embassy in Seoul.
• South Korea has an embassy in Rome.

• Italy has an embassy in Bangkok and 3 honorary consulates (in Chiang Mai, Ko Samui and Phuket).^[103]
• Thailand has an embassy in Rome.^[104]

• Italy has an embassy in Hanoi and a general consulate in Ho Chi Minh City.^[105]
• Vietnam has an embassy in Rome.
• Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Italy